Fiber optic sensors have become an extremely important part of the Internet of Things

Fiber optic sensors consist of several components, including light sources, transmission fibers, detectors, and signal processing equipment. Its working principle is to send light through the optical fiber to the modulator. In this way, the measurement parameters and the light in the modulation area act to change the light properties so that the light emitted by the light source becomes modulated. The signal light is then transmitted to the photodetector by means of an optical fiber, which in turn transforms the optical signal into an electrical signal. The signal processing device finally restores the physical quantity on the north side.

In practical life, there are many types of fiber optic sensors, but we attribute these sensor types to two types, namely sensing and transmission. Compared with traditional electrical sensors, fiber-optic sensors have many advantages, such as strong anti-interference ability, good insulation, and high sensitivity. Therefore, optical fiber sensors are currently in various fields.

Optical fiber sensor to help the Internet of Things develop market capacity of nearly trillions

Since the appearance of optical fiber sensors, its advantages and applications have attracted the attention of people in various countries. And in-depth research on optical fiber sensing technology. Today, physical quantities such as displacement, temperature, speed, and angle can be measured with fiber optic sensors. Nowadays, many western developed countries will focus on optical fiber sensor systems, nuclear radiation monitoring, civilian plans, and other aspects of optical fiber sensor research, and have achieved gratifying results.

China's research on fiber optic sensors started late, and many research institutes and companies have conducted in-depth studies on fiber optic sensors to promote the development of fiber optic sensing technology. In 2010, Zhang Xuping’s continuous distributed fiber-optic sensing technology on the Brillouin effect passed the expert’s appraisal. The expert group believes that this technology is highly innovative and the technology has reached the advanced level in the world. Therefore, it has broad prospects for development. The development of this technology is mainly the application of the Internet of Things technology, which has accelerated the development of the Internet of Things in China.

Sensors are an extremely important part of the Internet of Things. Therefore, the performance of the sensor determines the performance of the Internet of Things. It can be said that the main means for the Internet of Things to obtain information is the sensor. In this way, the reliability and accuracy of the information collected by the sensors will have an impact on the processing and transmission of information by the control node. From this perspective, the reliability and anti-jamming performance of the sensor will play a decisive role in the application performance of the Internet of Things.

Application of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology in Internet of Things

Through the above analysis, we know that the development of the Internet of Things must rely on a large number of sensors to obtain a variety of environmental parameters, so as to the more reliable data information of the Internet of Things, and then through the system to get the results people need. The following is a detailed discussion of the application of fiber optic sensing technology in the Internet of Things.

At present, there are four kinds of optical fiber sensors that are most widely used: fiber optic gyros, fiber optic hydrophones, fiber grating sensors, and fiber optic current sensors. Among them, there are three types of fiber optic gyroscopes: interference type, resonant type, and Brillouin type. Interferometric fiber optic gyroscope is a first-generation commercial stage with mature technology. Resonating fiber optic gyroscope is the second generation in the laboratory research stage. The Liyuan Fiber Optic Gyro is a third-generation fiber optic gyro sensor in the theoretical research stage. The fiber optic hydrophone is an underwater acoustic signal sensor based on optical fiber and optoelectronic technology. This type of sensor uses highly sensitive fiber optic coherent detection. The sound signal in the water is converted into an optical signal, which is then transmitted to the signal processing system through an optical fiber and converted into a sound signal. This sensor can be classified into interference type, intensity type, and grating type according to principles; it is included in the products of fiber grating sensors. Strain sensors, temperature sensors and pressure sensors, among which fiber Bragg grating sensors are the focus of research in recent years, most of them belong to light intensity type and interference type, and have advantages and disadvantages. Since the development of electric power this year, there has been rapid progress. Under such circumstances, in the face of strong current measurement problems, fiber-optic current sensors can well avoid accidents caused by excessive power.

Application of Construction Engineering Internet of Things

Nowadays, in the process of construction of highways and bridges, safety accidents such as tunnel collapse, fire, and cracks in bridges often occur. This not only poses a serious threat to people’s life and property safety, but also generates certain economic development in China. Impact. However, if the fiber-optic sensor is placed in a building, it is possible to know in time whether the bridge is deformed or the load carried by the bridge, etc. It is also possible to detect whether the deformation of the tunnel is likely to occur by means of a tension sensor. We will use this information and When the Internet is connected, an optical fiber internet of things is formed, and then these infrastructure projects can be monitored over the long term, reducing or preventing the occurrence of security incidents.

Agricultural Internet of Things

China is a big country in agriculture. Most people live in rural areas. Therefore, the development of agriculture is extremely important for the development of our country's economy. It can be said that in recent years, the development of the Internet of Things has made great progress in China's agricultural development. In general, the sensor technology is applied to many aspects such as crop growth, harvesting, and storage. In this way, an Internet of Things is formed so that agricultural production and management can achieve high production and low consumption.

During the growing process of crops, the temperature, humidity and soil composition of the crops are monitored by means of optical fiber temperature sensor humidity sensors, etc., so that the monitoring information is fed back to the system in time, and these parameters are then conditioned by the control devices in the system. To a suitable value, so that the crop grows in a suitable environment to achieve high yields. In addition, optical fiber sensors can also be used to sense the information of the food reserve environment and guide workers to properly turn over food.

Perimeter intrusion prevention system application

In recent years, a new area of ​​development of fiber-optic sensing technology is the perimeter intrusion prevention system. However, there are many types of sensors used in the current defense system applications, so many solutions have emerged. However, from the technical point of view, it is the use of fiber perimeter intrusion sensors to obtain information on external intrusion factors and issue an alarm signal at the same time. Today, this technology has been widely applied to power stations, military and other fields.

Other applications

In the actual application process, fiber-optic sensors have the advantage of anti-jamming. Therefore, fiber-optic sensors are generally used in places where electric sensors are not suitable, especially in national defense. Fiber-optic sensors are used in optical fiber guidance, aerospace, etc. Detection; however, in the power system, it is usually used in the rotor, voltage, transformer current, etc. of the super-large motor; in addition, the fiber optic sensor can also be used in the oil and gas production process for the underground temperature, the oil pipeline Road monitoring. Combining these with the Internet, we can form a larger Internet of Things, so that we can effectively conduct safe production and management.

Conclusion

In general, at present, due to its many advantages, fiber-optic sensors have attracted the attention of people from all walks of life. At the same time, they have also been widely used in people's daily lives. The core component of the Internet of Things is the sensor. In addition, in recent years, with the rapid development of the sensing technology in China, the application of fiber-optic sensing technology in the Internet of Things has become the focus of people's research, and for people's production. And life has made tremendous contributions. Because sensors have a wide range of application prospects in the Internet of Things, in the next few years, the Internet of Things will surely have a market capacity of trillions of yuan, which can be said to be higher than the Internet industry alone. About 3 times.

In the process of actively developing the Internet of Things, if the development of sensor technology stagnates, then the various sensors required by the Internet of Things must be imported from abroad. This will make the sensor market occupied by foreign countries and lose more. Capital, in turn, has deprived the country’s economic development of protection. In the next few years, IoT technologies will be widely applied in various fields, which will make a tremendous contribution to the country’s economic and social development. Therefore, we must conduct more in-depth research and discussion on the application of optical fiber sensors in the Internet of Things.